Special Steel D21.2379Exploration

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Special Steel D21.2379, commonly referred to as AISI D2, is a high-carbon, high-chromium tool steel renowned for its wear resistance, toughness, and ability to retain a sharp edge. With a complex matrix of carbides within its structure, D21.2379 is designed to handle the toughest industrial applications, from die casting to cutting tools. This comprehensive guide will delve into the specifics of Special Steel D21.2379, covering its types, composition, properties, applications, specifications, suppliers, pros and cons, and much more.

Types, Composition, and Properties of Special Steel D21.2379

To fully understand Special Steel D21.2379, it’s essential to break down its composition and properties. This steel’s unique formulation gives it exceptional characteristics that make it ideal for various demanding applications.

TypeCompositionProperties
D21.2379 StandardC: 1.55%, Cr: 11.5%, Mo: 0.8%, V: 0.9%, Si: 0.3%, Mn: 0.45%High wear resistance, good toughness, excellent dimensional stability, high compressive strength
D21.2379 ModifiedC: 1.55%, Cr: 11.5%, Mo: 1.2%, V: 1.0%, Si: 0.4%, Mn: 0.5%Enhanced toughness, improved machinability, better grindability, increased resistance to chipping and cracking
Powder Metallurgy D21.2379C: 1.55%, Cr: 11.5%, Mo: 1.0%, V: 1.0%, Si: 0.3%, Mn: 0.4%Superior wear resistance, excellent toughness, fine carbide distribution, improved hardness
High Vanadium D21.2379C: 1.55%, Cr: 11.5%, Mo: 0.8%, V: 1.5%, Si: 0.3%, Mn: 0.4%Extreme wear resistance, higher hardness, enhanced heat resistance, excellent edge retention
Low Carbon D21.2379C: 1.45%, Cr: 11.5%, Mo: 0.8%, V: 0.9%, Si: 0.3%, Mn: 0.45%Improved toughness, slightly reduced hardness, easier heat treatment, better shock resistance
Special Steel D21.2379

Properties and Characteristics

Special Steel D21.2379 stands out for its remarkable balance of hardness and toughness. Let’s dive into the detailed properties that make this steel a go-to choice for many industrial applications.

PropertyDescription
Độ bền mài mònExceptional, due to the high volume of chromium carbides in the matrix. Perfect for tools and dies that face abrasive conditions.
Sự bền bỉGood toughness despite its high hardness, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications.
Dimensional StabilityExcellent, ensuring minimal distortion during heat treatment.
Compressive StrengthVery high, allowing it to withstand significant pressure without deforming.
Edge RetentionMaintains a sharp edge for longer periods, reducing the frequency of re-sharpening in cutting applications.
Khả năng chống ăn mònModerate, adequate for environments where mild corrosion is expected, although not as high as stainless steels.

Applications of Special Steel D21.2379

Special Steel D21.2379’s unique properties make it suitable for a wide range of applications. Here’s a closer look at where this steel shines the most.

ApplicationDescription
Tool and Die MakingIdeal for creating dies and punches due to its high wear resistance and toughness.
Cutting ToolsUsed in manufacturing cutting tools that require excellent edge retention and hardness.
Plastic MoldingSuitable for molds in the plastic industry where high polishability and wear resistance are crucial.
Shear BladesPerfect for shear blades that cut through tough materials thanks to its superior wear resistance.
Cold Work ApplicationsUsed extensively in cold work processes like stamping, drawing, and forming.
Industrial KnivesExcellent choice for industrial knives used in recycling and metal processing industries.
Bearing ComponentsEmployed in making high-wear components like bearings due to its ability to withstand repeated stress and friction.
Precision ToolsIdeal for precision tools that require high dimensional stability and minimal distortion.
Coining DiesUsed in coining dies where extreme wear resistance and toughness are needed.
Powder Compaction ToolsEmployed in tools for powder compaction due to its resistance to wear and ability to maintain dimensional accuracy under high stress.

Specifications, Sizes, Grades, and Standards

Understanding the specifications, sizes, grades, and standards for Special Steel D21.2379 helps in selecting the right material for specific applications.

SpecificationDetail
StandardASTM A681, DIN 1.2379, JIS SKD11
SizesAvailable in round bars, flat bars, sheets, and custom shapes
GradesStandard D2, Modified D2, PM D2, High Vanadium D2, Low Carbon D2
Xử lý nhiệtTypically hardened and tempered at 950-1100°C, followed by air or oil quenching
Độ cứngAchievable hardness up to 60-62 HRC
TolerancesCan be precision ground to tight tolerances for specific applications
Surface FinishAvailable in various finishes including annealed, polished, and machined

Suppliers and Pricing Details

Selecting the right supplier for Special Steel D21.2379 can impact the quality and cost-effectiveness of your project. Here’s a look at some leading suppliers and pricing details.

Nhà cung cấpLocationPricingAdditional Services
Bohler-UddeholmGlobal$5-8 per kgHeat treatment, precision cutting, custom sizes
Carpenter TechnologyUSA$6-9 per kgTechnical support, machining services
Hitachi MetalsJapan$7-10 per kgCustom alloy compositions, heat treatment
SandvikSweden$6-8 per kgApplication engineering, technical consultancy
ErasteelFrance$5-7 per kgCustom powder metallurgy, heat treatment
Finkl SteelUSA$6-9 per kgPrecision machining, technical support
RovalmaSpain$7-10 per kgCustom solutions, rapid delivery
Công ty Daido SteelJapan$6-9 per kgExtensive technical resources, custom alloys
Schmolz + BickenbachGermany$6-8 per kgFull-service steel solutions, global delivery
Assab PacificSingapore$5-7 per kgRegional support, specialized steel grades

Pros and Cons: Advantages and Limitations of Special Steel D21.2379

When choosing Special Steel D21.2379, it’s essential to weigh its pros and cons to determine its suitability for your needs.

Ưu điểmDisadvantages
High Wear ResistanceModerate corrosion resistance
Excellent ToughnessDifficult to machine in hardened state
Good Dimensional StabilityExpensive compared to some other tool steels
High Compressive StrengthRequires precise heat treatment to achieve optimal properties
Superior Edge RetentionLimited availability in some regions
Versatile ApplicationsCan be brittle if not properly treated
Suitable for High-Stress ApplicationsHigher initial cost can be a barrier for some small-scale applications

Comparing Special Steel D21.2379 to Other Tool Steels

Understanding how D21.2379 compares to other tool steels can help in making informed decisions.

FeatureSpecial Steel D21.2379Other Tool Steels (e.g., O1, A2, M2)
Độ bền mài mònHigher due to high chromium carbide contentGenerally lower, though some like M2 also offer high wear resistance
Sự bền bỉGood balance of toughness and hardnessVaries significantly; O1 has good toughness, while A2 and M2 are slightly more brittle
Tính Chịu NhiệtModerate, adequate for most cold work applicationsM2 offers superior heat resistance, while O1 and A2 are less heat resistant
Khả năng gia côngLower, especially in hardened stateGenerally better, especially for O1 and A2
Khả năng chống ăn mònModerate, better than carbon steels but worse than stainless steelsVaries, but generally lower except for stainless tool steels
Chi phíHigher initial costLower cost for O1 and A2, M2
Special Steel D21.2379

FAQ

What is Special Steel D21.2379 best used for?

Special Steel D21.2379 is best used for applications requiring high wear resistance and toughness, such as tool and die making, cutting tools, plastic molds, shear blades, and industrial knives.

How does Special Steel D21.2379 compare to other tool steels?

D21.2379 offers superior wear resistance and toughness compared to many other tool steels. However, it can be more challenging to machine and is typically more expensive.

What are the heat treatment requirements for D21.2379?

Special Steel D21.2379 is typically hardened and tempered at temperatures between 950-1100°C, followed by air or oil quenching to achieve desired hardness and toughness.

Is Special Steel D21.2379 resistant to corrosion?

While D21.2379 offers moderate corrosion resistance, it is not as resistant as stainless steels. It’s suitable for environments where mild corrosion is expected.

What are the typical applications of Special Steel D21.2379?

Typical applications include tool and die making, cutting tools, plastic molding, shear blades, cold work applications, industrial knives, bearing components, precision tools, coining dies, and powder compaction tools.

Can Special Steel D21.2379 be customized?

Yes, many suppliers offer customization options for D21.2379, including modified compositions, precision cutting, and specific heat treatment processes to meet unique application requirements.

Who are the leading suppliers of Special Steel D21.2379?

Leading suppliers include Bohler-Uddeholm, Carpenter Technology, Hitachi Metals, Sandvik, Erasteel, Finkl Steel, Rovalma, Daido Steel, Schmolz + Bickenbach, and Assab Pacific.

What are the main advantages of using Special Steel D21.2379?

The main advantages include high wear resistance, excellent toughness, good dimensional stability, high compressive strength, and superior edge retention.

What are the limitations of Special Steel D21.2379?

Limitations include moderate corrosion resistance, difficulty in machining when hardened, higher cost, and the need for precise heat treatment to achieve optimal properties.

How does the cost of Special Steel D21.2379 compare to other steels?

D21.2379 is generally more expensive than many other tool steels like O1 and A2 but is comparable or slightly higher than high-performance steels like M2.

Conclusion

Special Steel D21.2379, with its high-carbon, high-chromium composition, stands out for its exceptional wear resistance, toughness, and edge retention. Its unique properties make it a preferred choice in demanding industrial applications, from tool and die making to precision cutting tools. While it may come with a higher initial cost and some machining challenges, the performance benefits often outweigh these drawbacks. Understanding its composition, properties, applications, and comparing it with other tool steels helps in making informed decisions for your specific needs. With the right supplier and proper handling, D21.2379 can significantly enhance the durability and efficiency of your tools and components.

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